05750
 5750 Tense - Present                     See 5774
      Voice - No Voice Stated             See 5799
      Mood  - Infinitive                  See 5795
      Count - 135
05751
 5751 Tense - Present                     See 5774
      Voice - No Voice Stated             See 5799
      Mood  - Optative                    See 5793
      Count - 12
05752
 5752 Tense - Present                     See 5774
      Voice - No Voice Stated             See 5799
      Mood  - Participle                  See 5796
      Count - 191
05753
 5753 Tense - Present                     See 5774
      Voice - No Voice Stated             See 5799
      Mood  - Subjunctive                 See 5792
      Count - 68
05754
 5754 Tense - Second Perfect              See 5782
      Voice - Active                      See 5784
      Mood  - Indicative                  See 5791
      Count - 97
05755
 5755 Tense - Second Perfect              See 5782
      Voice - Active                      See 5784
      Mood  - Infinitive                  See 5795
      Count - 8
05756
 5756 Tense - Second Perfect              See 5782
      Voice - Active                      See 5784
      Mood  - Participle                  See 5796
      Count - 43
05757
 5757 Tense - Second Perfect              See 5782
      Voice - Passive                     See 5786
      Mood  - Participle                  See 5796
      Count - 1
05758
 5758 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Active                      See 5784
      Mood  - Indicative                  See 5791
      Count - 516
05759
 5759 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Active                      See 5784
      Mood  - Imperative                  See 5794
      Count - 1
05760
 5760 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Active                      See 5784
      Mood  - Infinitive                  See 5795
      Count - 30
05761
 5761 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Active                      See 5784
      Mood  - Participle                  See 5796
      Count - 193
05762
 5762 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Active                      See 5784
      Mood  - Subjunctive                 See 5792
      Count - 10
05763
 5763 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Middle Deponent             See 5788
      Mood  - Indicative                  See 5791
      Count - 1
05764
 5764 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Middle                      See 5785
      Mood  - Indicative                  See 5791
      Count - 1
05765
 5765 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Middle                      See 5785
      Mood  - Participle                  See 5796
      Count - 5
05766
 5766 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent  See 5790
      Mood  - Indicative                  See 5791
      Count - 19
05767
 5767 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent  See 5790
      Mood  - Infinitive                  See 5795
      Count - 0
05768
 5768 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent  See 5790
      Mood  - Participle                  See 5796
      Count - 4
05769
 5769 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Passive                     See 5786
      Mood  - Indicative                  See 5791
      Count - 215
05770
 5770 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Passive                     See 5786
      Mood  - Imperative                  See 5794
      Count - 3
05771
 5771 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Passive                     See 5786
      Mood  - Infinitive                  See 5795
      Count - 9
05772
 5772 Tense - Perfect                     See 5778
      Voice - Passive                     See 5786
      Mood  - Participle                  See 5796
      Count - 463
05773
 5773 Tense - No Tense Stated             See 5799
      Voice - No Voice Stated             See 5799
      Mood  - Imperative                  See 5794
      Count - 21
05774
 5774 Tense - Present
 
     The present tense represents a simple statement of fact
     or reality viewed as occurring in actual time.  In most cases
     this corresponds directly with the English present tense.
 
     Some phrases which might be rendered as past tense in English
     will often occur in the present tense in Greek.  These are
     termed "historical presents," and such occurrences dramatize
     the event described as if the reader were there watching the
     event occur.  Some English translations render such historical
     presents in the English past tense, while others permit the
     tense to remain in the present.
05775
 5775 Tense - Imperfect
 
     The imperfect tense generally represents continual or repeated
     action.  Where the present tense might indicate "they are
     asking," the imperfect would indicate "they kept on asking."
 
     In the case of the verb "to be," however, the imperfect tense
     is used as a general past tense and does not carry the
     connotation of continual or repeated action.
05776
 5776 Tense - Future
 
     The future tense corresponds to the English future, and
     indicates the contemplated or certain occurrence of an event
     which has not yet occurred.
05777
 5777 Tense - Aorist
 
     The aorist tense is characterized by its emphasis on punctiliar
     action; that is, the concept of the verb is considered without
     regard for past, present, or future time.  There is no
     direct or clear English equivalent for this tense, though it is
     generally rendered as a simple past tense in most translations.
 
     The events described by the aorist tense are classified into a
     number of categories by grammarians.  The most common of these
     include a view of the action as having begun from a certain
     point ("inceptive aorist"), or having ended at a certain point
     ("cumulative aorist"), or merely existing at a certain point
     ("punctiliar aorist").  The categorization of other cases can
     be found in Greek reference grammars.
 
     The English reader need not concern himself with most of these
     finer points concerning the aorist tense, since in most cases
     they cannot be rendered accurately in English translation,
     being fine points of Greek exegesis only.  The common practice
     of rendering an aorist by a simple English past tense should
     suffice in most cases.
05778
 5778 Tense - Perfect
 
     The perfect tense in Greek corresponds to the perfect tense in
     English, and describes an action which is viewed as having been
     completed in the past, once and for all, not needing to be
     repeated.
 
     Jesus' last cry from the cross, TETELESTAI ("It is finished!")
     is a good example of the perfect tense used in this sense,
     namely "It [the atonement] has been accomplished, completely,
     once and for all time."
 
     Certain antiquated verb forms in Greek, such as those related
     to seeing (eidw) or knowing (oida) will use the perfect tense
     in a manner equivalent to the normal past tense.  These few
     cases are exception to the normal rule and do not alter the
     normal connotation of the perfect tense stated above.
05779
 5779 Tense - Pluperfect
 
     The pluperfect tense in Greek occurs rarely.  It corresponds
     in a single Greek word to the sense of the English pluperfect,
     which indicates an event viewed as having been once and for
     all accomplished in past time.  In contrast, the perfect tense
     reflects the final completion of an action at the present
     moment described.
 
     In translation the Greek pluperfect may not always follow the
     rendering of the English pluperfect, due to excessive wordiness.
     The English pluperfect is normally formed with the past tense
     of the "helping" verbs "to have" or "to be," plus the past
     participle, e.g., "He had finished."   The English perfect
     is formed by the present tense of the helping verb plus the
     past participle, e.g., "He has finished."
05780
 5780 Tense - Second Aorist
 
     The "second aorist" tense is identical in meaning and
     translation to the normal or "first" aorist tense.  The only
     difference is in the form of spelling the words in Greek, and
     there is no effect upon English translation.
 
     See "Aorist" # 5777
05781
 5781 Tense - Second Future
 
     The "second future" is identical in meaning to that of the
     normal or "first" future tense.  The classification merely
     reflects a spelling variation in Greek of the "first future"
     tense, and has no effect on English meaning beyond that of the
     normal future.

     See "Future" # 5776
05782
 5782 Tense - Second Perfect
 
     The second perfect is identical in meaning to that of the
     normal or "first" perfect tense, and has no additional effect
     on English translation.  The classification merely represents
     a spelling variation in Greek.
 
     See "Perfect" # 5778
05783
 5783 Tense - Second Pluperfect
 
     The second pluperfect is identical in meaning to that of the
     normal or "first" pluperfect tense.  It has no additional
     meaning or effect on English translation, and merely reflects
     a spelling variation in Greek.
 
05784
 5784 Voice - Active
 
     The active voice represents the subject as the doer or
     performer of the action.  e.g., in the sentence, "The
     boy hit the ball," the boy performs the action.
05785
 5785 Voice - Middle
 
     The middle voice indicates the subject performing an action
     upon himself (reflexive action) or for his own benefit.  E.g.,
     "The boy groomed himself."  Many verbs which occur only in
     middle voice forms are translated in English as having an
     active sense; these are called "deponent" verbs, and do not
     comply with the normal requirements for the middle voice.
05786
 5786 Voice - Passive
 
     The passive voice represents the subject as being the
     recipient of the action.  E.g., in the sentence, "The boy was
     hit by the ball," the boy receives the action.
 
05787
 5787 Voice - Either Middle or Passive
 
     Many of the so-called "deponent" verbs can have either a
     middle or passive form.  These are normally translated as
     having an active voice, since they have no active form in
     their outward spelling.  At times, however, they retain their
     middle or passive significance.
05788
 5788 Voice - Middle Deponent
 
     The middle deponent forms in almost all cases are translated
     as being in the active voice.
 
     See "Active" # 5784
 
05789
 5789 Voice - Passive Deponent
 
     The passive deponent forms in almost all cases are translated
     as being in the passive voice.
 
     See "Passive" # 5786
05790
 5790 Voice - Middle or Passive Deponent
 
     The middle or passive deponent forms in almost all cases are
     translated as being in the active voice.
 
     See "Active" # 5784
05791
 5791 Mood - Indicative
 
     The indicative mood is a simple statement of fact.  If an
     action really occurs or has occurred or will occur, it will be
     rendered in the indicative mood.
05792
 5792 Mood - Subjunctive
 
     The subjunctive mood is the mood of possibility and
     potentiality.  The action described may or may not occur,
     depending upon circumstances.  Conditional sentences of the
     third class ("ean" + the subjunctive) are all of this type, as
     well as many commands following conditional purpose clauses,
     such as those beginning with "hina."
05793
 5793 Mood - Optative
 
     The optative mood is generally used in the so-called
     "fourth-class" conditions which express a wish or desire for
     an action to occur in which the completion of such is
     doubtful.  By the time of the New Testament, the optative mood
     was beginning to disappear from spoken and written Greek, and
     such rarely occurs in the New Testament.
 
     In a few cases, verbs in the optative mood stand apart from a
     conditional clause to express the strongest possible wish
     regarding an event.  The most common of these appears in the
     phrase "mh genoito" (AV,"God forbid"; NKJV "Certainly not").
05794
 5794 Mood - Imperative
 
     The imperative mood corresponds to the English imperative, and
     expresses a command to the hearer to perform a certain action
     by the order and authority of the one commanding.  Thus,
     Jesus' phrase, "Repent ye, and believe the gospel" (Mk.1:15)
     is not at all an "invitation," but an absolute command
     requiring full obedience on the part of all hearers.
05795
 5795 Mood - Infinitive
 
     The Greek infinitive mood in most cases corresponds to the
     English infinitive, which is basically the verb with "to"
     prefixed, as "to believe."
 
     Like the English infinitive, the Greek infinitive can be used
     like a noun phrase ("It is better to live than to die"), as
     well as to reflect purpose or result ("This was done to
     fulfil what the prophet said").
05796
 5796 Mood - Participle
 
     The Greek participle corresponds for the most part to the
     English participle, reflecting "-ing" or "-ed" being suffixed
     to the basic verb form.  The participle can be used either
     like a verb or a noun, as in English, and thus is often termed
     a "verbal noun."
05797
 5797 Mood - Impersonal
 
     The impersonal mood is used only in a few verb forms which do
     not conjugate in the full sense.  The most common of these is
     the Greek word "dei," which is most often rendered "it is
     necessary" or "one must."
05798
 5798 Mood - Imperative-Sense Participle
 
     This reflects a Greek participle which implies that a command
     to perform the action is implicit, even though it is not
     outwardly or directly expressed.
05799
 5799 No Tense or Voice Stated
 
     In a number of places certain verbs are cited in Perschbacher's
     "The New Analytical Greek Lexicon" which do not have any tense
     or voice directly stated.
 
     In almost all of these cases, one can assume that the tense is
     Present and the voice is Active, especially when the sense is
     that of a command (Imperative).
 
     See "Present" # 5774
     See "Active"  # 5784
